The Communist Party of China (CPC) was formed, and Chen Duxiu was elected its leader

The Communist Party of China (CPC) is also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It is the founding and sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China. The Communist Party of China was founded by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao on July 01, 1921. Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the Communist Party of China has been in sole control of the government of China.
  
The Communist Party of China was founded as both a political party and a revolutionary movement. In 1921, Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao led the establishment of the Communist Party of China with the help of the Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Far Eastern Secretariat of the Communist International. The first National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held on 23–31 July 1921. It was originally held in a house in the Shanghai French Concession. There were only 50 members at the beginning of the party. Chen Duxiu was a founder of the Communist Party of China and a leader in developing the cultural basis of the revolution in China. He was elected as leader of the Communist Party of China.

The Communist Party of China joined with the Chinese Nationalist Party (the Kuomintang - KMT). This alliance proved enormously successful at first. The Communist Party of China aligned with the Kuomintang (KMT) as the organized left-wing of the larger nationalist movement for the first six years. However, the Nationalists under Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi) turned violently against the communists in 1927. The Nationalists ousted the communists from Shanghai. After the collaboration between the Communist Party and the Kuomintang (KMT) fell apart in 1927, the Comintern blamed Chen. Then, he was removed from his position of leadership in 1927. Also, he was expelled from the Communist Party in 1929.

During the next ten years of this Civil War against the Kuomintang (KMT), Mao Zedong rose to become the most influential character in the Communist Party. The party established a strong base among the rural farmers with its land reform policies. After the retreat of the Kuomintang (KMT) to Taiwan, the Communist Party of China established the People's Republic of China on October 01, 1949.